Cartilage is a unique tissue with structures specifically designed for its intended functions. It is
a vascular, aneural and alymphatics, thus severely limiting its self repairing capabilities. Current
treatment options are insufficient in treatment of cartilage diseases. Therefore, researchers
are exploring the use of tissue engineered cartilage constructs to treat cartilage diseases
and for cartilage regeneration. However, a good cartilage construct should have some prerequisite
requirements, and physical architectures such as pore size, distribution, geometry, pore
interconnectivity and porosity can determine feasibility of construct. In addition, advancement
in biomaterials development and biofabrication techniques have enabled biofabrication of
more complex constructs that are able to better mimic native cartilages. Current ideal physical
architectures of cartilage constructs, commonly used biomaterials and synthetic materials and
several biofabrication techniques are reviewed in this review. In addition, current problems faced
in cartilage biofabricated are also highlighted in this review.
