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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
http://asiair.asia.edu.tw/ir/handle/310904400/9425
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| Title: | 生質能源用甜高粱之綜合開發－總計畫(II) |
| Authors: | 林俊義 |
| Contributors: | 健康學院
生物科技學系 |
| Date: | 2009 |
| Issue Date: | 2010-05-07 05:17:08 (UTC+0) |
| Abstract: | 傳統能源的供應，大多來自於化石能源，主要以煤炭、石油及天然氣為主。據預測
40 年後其將陸續開採完畢，所以世界各國無不竭力尋找替代能源。在替代能源中，尤以
生質能源最受矚目，生質能源中最重要者為乙醇汽油，在台灣提煉乙醇最實用者為甜高
粱，因其不僅醣分高且為非糧食作物，經過第一年之研究，子計畫一已選4 個品系及2
個混合混交集團。本年度將繼續混合雜交及純化優良品系並調查其性狀，預計選拔2 個
品種供大量繁殖之用。子計畫二研究中經過SN 比與產氫平均值ANOVA 分析。以溫度
(35℃) 及基質濃度 (10000mgCOD/L) 為關鍵。本年繼續探討甜高粱為基質進行厭氣醱
酵產氫，並建立其生產系統，並試圖找出較適當之搭配條件。子計畫三亦已獲得酵母菌
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 及Candida gulliermondii 分別對葡萄糖與木糖利用轉換率為50
％及47％。本年度將繼續研究1.此些菌株之發酵最適溫度、pH 值及通氣性2.評估氮源
對乙醇及木糖醇產量之影響3.探討菌株濃度對醱酵之影響。本研究在病蟲害方面，第一
年已獲悉甜高粱在台灣最主要蟲害為亞洲玉米螟及蚜蟲。病害方面則主要為炭疽病
(Colletotrichum graminicola)、銹病 (Puccinia purpurea) 及葉斑病 (Alternaria sp.)。本年
度將繼續探討上述主要病蟲害綜合防治技術之建立，包括化學防治藥劑之篩選，生物防
治用微生物之篩選，及結合project Ι 引進之60 品系篩選其抗病品系，以供育種之用。
Most of energy is supplied from fossil fuel, which includes mainly coal, gas oline and
natural gas, the fossil fuel energy is estimated to be exhausted after 40 years. Therefore, the
new alternative energies are strivingly sought by every country in the world among them,
biomass energy, especially the bioethanol is the most important one, which is capable of
being sustainability used and converted from crops. Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) was
found to be one of the useful energy plants for bioethanol production in Taiwan. Six lines of
sweet sorghum possessed high sugar content in stem have been selected from project I, last
year. Those six lines are continually crossed and purified, hopeful two to three varieties
characterized high sugar content and high yield will be bred for mass cultivation. From
project II, the results of the ANOVA analyses on SN ratios and means of production rate of
H2 revealed that the temperature and substrate concentration (sorghum stem juice) are key
factors. They are favorable with setting 35℃(temperature) and 10000mg COD/L
(concentration) for H2 production. The project is proposed to investigate the production of
hydrogen by anaerobic fermentation with sole substrate of sweet sorghum. A related
production system will be also established for further determining suitable operative
parameters. Project III will concentrated on 1. surveying the proper temperature, pH and
aeration for fermentation of sweet sorghum stalk. 2. assessing the effects of nitrogen sources
or the production of ethanol and xylitol. 3. studies the suitable of microorganism suspension
for fermentation this year. As the studies of pest studies, asia corn borers (Ostrinia furnacalis
Guénee) and sorghum aphid were found to be the main insect pests of sweet sorghum.
Alernaria sp., Colletotrichun graminicola and Curvalaria lunata were identified as the most
important disease agents of sweet sorghum, this year is aimed, in cooperated with the
improved variety selection of the sweet sorghum, to set up of the control techniques for
above pests, which include the screening of pesticides and the selection of resistant varieties,
this project also studies on the seed production technique of sweet sorghum for mass
cultivation in Taiwan. |
| Appears in Collections: | [生物科技學系] 科技部研究計畫
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