現有文獻在諮商團體的階段論有兩個待解決的問題：其一，多數有關團體階段劃分借用心理治療團體或T－團體的理論或資料，由於這些團體性質與目標不同，是否可以移用值得再思；其二，有些階段劃分憑據實務經驗，既無實證研究證據，也缺乏階段發展的理論依據。研究者使用社會學的人際理論作為基礎，剖析團體成員在團體過程中人際關係發展的原理與特徵，並去詮釋和了解諮商團體發展的人際歷程，據以建構出諮商團體的階段，共有五個：初次接觸、聯結階段、友誼階段、互助與合作階段和收穫與退出階段。此外，再根據人際理論說明團體各階段中成員個人的人際主要需求與工作，並探討與之相對應的團體諮商階段任務，同時提出各階段領導介入原則與策略，以及形成非結構諮商團體的領導流程。There are two issues in counseling groups related to the stages of group process. First, much of the existing literature on conceptualization of group stages is borrowed from theory or research of psychotherapy group and T-group; second, the lack of experimental evidence or the lack of theoretical basis for conceptualizing the stage development of a counseling group. Since, the nature and purposes of a counseling group are different with psychotherapy group and T-group, constructing a rationale of stage development of a counseling group is needed. This article discusses characters and the development of interpersonal relationships-that are related to the stage development and stage characters of a counseling group, based on the sociological theory of interpersonal development and relations. A five-stage model has been established. The group tasks of each stage and the leading strategies are proposed for leaders' practice in an unstructured counseling group.
