In recent years, fossil fuels and fossil energy are gradually depleted. With the rise in international oil prices, to development of alternative energy sources is become more important in the world. So development and application biomass energy to be alternative energy sources is one of the best choice. However, most country take food crops to produce bio-diesel can easily cause food panic. Sugar crops and starch crops with high conversion efficiency, but with carefully choose the right raw materials ,otherwise it’s easy to produce the food crisis. Taiwan produce 500 million tons of agricultural waste every year .The traditional approach are burial or burning, with carefully choose appropriate materials can solve the problems of the agricultural waste to change become the raw material of bio-ethanol, and also can enhance the added value of agricultural waste. In this experiment we add nitrogen fertilizer during heading stage in 2012 winter to 2013 summer, to increase rice straw yield. In this research we separate two group 1)add normal nitrogen fertilizer (total nitrogen content 53 kg/ha) and 2)add three times of nitrogen fertilizer (total nitrogen content 169 kg/ha). After 3-6 months we harvest the total rice straw, rice paddy and rice straw. By using ANOVA test we calculate the yield of rice straw and rice paddy. In 2013 first stage the group add three times of nitrogen fertilizer increase total rice straw 25% ,rice paddy increase 22% and rice straw yield increase 13%. The second material in this experiment we using agricultural waste pineapple skin. Through two stages of pre-treatment 1)wet milling cut pineapple skin to small particle, 2)using acid, alkaline and hydrogen peroxide pre-treatment to hydrolysis cellulose, hemi-cellulose and lignin to increase soluble sugar content. The best pre-treatment result is using hydrogen peroxide 20% to hydrolysis pineapple skin and the soluble sugar content is 0.33g/g.
