社會資本與社區生態旅遊發展

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Title:	社會資本與社區生態旅遊發展
Authors:	葉美智;羅紹麟
Contributors:	中興大學森林系
Keywords:	社會資本;社區永續發展;以社區為基礎的生態旅遊
Date:	2006-05-01
Issue Date:	2009-12-15 01:22:00 (UTC+0)
Publisher:	亞洲大學休閒與遊憩管理學系
Abstract:	生態旅遊是鄉村發展中的一種替選模式。社區推動生態旅遊效益之一，即可藉由生態旅遊所帶來的經濟效益達到保育及資源永續利用的目的，包括生態系財貨(ecosystem goods) 的使用以維持地方人類學及生物多樣性的特色等，因此生態旅遊發展亦可視為社區永續發展的指標(Wearing & Neil, 1999; Ross & Wall, 1999; Stem et al, 2003)。以社區為基礎的生態旅遊成功的案例中，衝擊性低、利益公平分享及由鄉村發展中整合國家政策等為其主要特色(Foucat, 2002)。社區經濟發展過程係由不同的資本運用和組合，其中自然、物質和人力資本只能解釋部分經濟發展的因素，因此經濟行動者間如何互動與組織，即是社會資本核心所在(蔡必焜，2004)。社會資本在社會學的研究領域中，常被認定是一套規範、網絡和制度的組合，人們透過這些組合可以獲取權力和資源，進行決策和形成政策；社會資本也指可以運用來解決共同問題的社會信任、規範和網絡之存量，及知識分享、了解及互動的型式，並可以帶來任何生產性的活動(productive activity)而言。本文的主要目的即在探討社會資本的意涵及其應用於以社區為基礎之生態旅遊發展。 Ecotourism is one of the alternatives of rural development. The effect of community-based ecotourism is to use the ecotourism benefit for conservation and sustainable use, including the use of ecosystem goods to sustain local anthropology and biodiversity. Therefore, the development of ecotourism can be the indicator of community sustainable development. From the successful cases of ecotourism, the low impact, benefit sharing and integrated national policies are the main components. The development of community economic is including the utilization and integration of different capitals. The natural, physical and human capital can only explain part of development factors. How to interact and organize between economic actors is the core of social capital. Social capital is the combination of norm, network and regulation, people can use it to obtain power and resources to make decision and establish policies, to solve the common problem of social trust, norm and network, also comprise knowledge sharing, understanding and interaction, and can bring any production activities. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the meaning of social capital and the utilization of social capital to community-based ecotourism.
Relation:	2006年海峽兩岸休閒產業發展學術研討會 05-01~02
Appears in Collections:	[休閒與遊憩管理學系] 會議論文

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