本研究目的在探討參照回饋對中低體適能學生之體適能與成就動機的影響。本研究以九年一貫課程健體學習領域第二階段國小學生四至六年級全校十個班共320人全部學生均接受體適能測驗，採立意取樣僅選取體適能前測中低成就的學生112人進行資料分析，為實驗研究法，以隨機分派方式，將受試者分別接受常模參照回饋、自我參照回饋及同儕合作參照回饋等三種不同實驗處理。資料蒐集後以單因數共變數進行分析，進行LSD事後比較。研究結果顯示：一、同儕合作參照回饋組的體適能測驗成績高於常模參照回饋組與自我參照回饋組。然而，學生在體適能學習情境下，自我參照回饋組及常模參照回饋組的學習成效上並未有顯著的差異存在。二、同儕合作參照回饋的成就動機高於自我參照回饋組及常模參照回饋組。本研究結論是中低成就學生，實施同儕合作參照回饋下，其體適能測驗成績與成就動機方面皆高於常模參照回饋組興自我參照回饋組；但實施常模參照回饋或自我參照回饋，彼此間是無顯著差異存在的。因此，同儕合作參照回饋策略效果值得未來加強體適能學習效益之參考。
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different referenced feedback strategies on the achievement and motivation for low achievement elementary school students. The participants of the study were 320 male and female six-graders from ten classes of elementary school. As per the data 112 students, who have four fitness testing results in the pre-test and don't attain the standard-50% in more than three testing results. An experimental method was applied in the study including, three treatments the norm-referenced feedback, the self-referenced feedback or the peer-referenced feedback. The data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA and a following up test by LSD. The main findings of this study were as the follows: 1. The physical fitness of the peer-referenced feedback was obviously higher than that of the norm-referenced feedback and self-referenced feedback. However, the norm-referenced feedback condition was not significantly different from the self-referenced feedback condition. 2. The achievement motivation of the peer-referenced feedback was obviously higher than that of the norm-referenced feedback and self-referenced feedback. As the students of low achievement in physical fitness, the achievement motivation of the norm-referenced feedback is not as good as that of the self-referenced feedback. This study concludes that the peer-referenced feedback was obviously higher than that of the norm-referenced feedback and self-referenced feedback on physical fitness and achievement motivation. The effect of peer-referenced feedback strategies is considered as one of benefit way for enforcing physical fitness.
