| Abstract: | 本研究旨在基於健康信念模式，探討人格特質對於接種新冠肺炎疫苗意圖的影響。研究對象為某科技大學護理系學生，透過橫斷式研究法，以結構式問卷調查360位參與者。研究利用BFI-10五大人格特質量表和健康信念模式量表進行評估，並進行獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析和線性迴歸分析進行統計分析。研究結果顯示，人格特質中的神經質和外向性與健康信念和行為有關。自我效能和感知利益與接種意圖呈現正相關，意味著自我效能高的人通常能夠應對接種程序和副作用管理等方面的挑戰，並且有信心正確地進行疫苗接種。感知障礙則與接種意圖呈現負相關，表示感知障礙越低，學生認為接種疫苗的阻礙因素越少，因此更願意接種疫苗。此外，研究發現神經質特性的人在健康信念模式中表現出較高的自我效能得分，可能是因為他們對潛在風險和威脅，特別是健康方面的風險更加敏感。開放性與行動提示呈現正相關，認真度和開放性這兩種人格特質傾向採取積極的態度，以認真、有責任感組織性、自我要求、細心、有次序的特質來應對行動提示。本研究結果有助於制定相應的宣導和教育策略，提高學生和民眾對新冠肺炎疫苗接種的接受度和意願，並可供國家政策制定參考。
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of personality traits on the intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine based on the Health Belief Model. The participants were nursing students from a certain university of technology, and a cross-sectional study design was employed. A structured questionnaire was used to survey 360 participants, and assessments were conducted using the BFI-10 Five-Factor Personality Traits Scale and the Health Belief Model Scale. The objectives of the study included understanding the relationship model among personality traits, the Health Belief Model, and behavioral intention, as well as determining the most influential personality trait factors and providing recommendations.Statistical analyses were performed using independent samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and linear regression analysis. The results showed that personality traits such as neuroticism and extraversion were associated with health beliefs and behaviors. Self-efficacy and perceived benefits were positively correlated with vaccination intention, indicating that individuals with high self-efficacy are usually better equipped to cope with the challenges of the vaccination process and managing side effects, thus having confidence in correctly receiving the vaccine. On the other hand, perceived barriers were negatively correlated with vaccination intention, suggesting that as perceived barriers decrease, students believe there are fewer obstacles to vaccination, leading to a greater willingness and action to receive the vaccine. Furthermore, it was found that individuals with neuroticism traits scored higher in self-efficacy within the Health Belief Model. This may be because individuals with neuroticism traits are more sensitive to potential risks and threats, particularly in terms of health risks. Openness was positively correlated with action cues, and both conscientiousness and openness tended to adopt a proactive attitude, characterized by seriousness, responsibility, organization, self-demand, attentiveness, and orderliness when facing internal and external action cues.The findings of this study contribute to the development of relevant advocacy and educational strategies aimed at increasing the acceptance and willingness of students and the general public to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. They can also serve as a reference for national policy-making. |
