ADHD與一般發展兒童的生理心理差異比較

ASIA unversity > 醫學暨健康學院 > 心理學系 > 博碩士論文 > Item 310904400/116859

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://asiair.asia.edu.tw/ir/handle/310904400/116859

Title:	ADHD與一般發展兒童的生理心理差異比較
Other Titles:	Psychophysiological Comparisons between Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders and Typically Developing Children
Authors:	蔡昀真 TSAI, YUN-JHEN
Contributors:	張芸瑄;周廷璽 CHANG, YUN-HSUAN;CHOU, TING-HSI 心理學系
Keywords:	注意力不足過動症;注意力不足過動症亞型;神經心理測驗;腦波 Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder;Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder subtype;neuropsychological assessment;EEG
Date:	2023
Issue Date:	2023-11-22
Abstract:	背景：注意力不足/過動症(Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, ADHD)是最常見的兒童神經發展障礙症之一；可分為三種亞型：ADHD不專注主顯型(predominantly inattentive presentation, ADHD-I)、過動/衝動主顯型(predominantly hyperactive/impulsive presentation, ADHD-HI)及混合表現型(combined presentation , ADHD-C)。本研究欲了解ADHD與一般發展兒童於神經心理測驗與腦波的差異性，以及ADHD亞型在不同向度的神經心理測驗表現的比較。最後探討ADHD在神經發育上與一般發展孩童的表現比較。研究方法：本研究共招募87名兒童參與本研究，其中45名為ADHD(ADHD-C：33；ADHD-I：12；平均年齡8.82)， 42名一般發展兒童(平均年齡9.46)。所有受試者皆接受魏氏兒童智力測驗第四版(WISC-IV)、兒童行為檢核表(CBCL)、情緒障礙量表(SAED)、兒科生活品質量表(PQL)、克氏持續度表現測驗第三版(CPT-3)、注意力網絡測驗(ANT)及劍橋電腦化神經心理測驗(CANTAB)等評估，並測量其休息狀態的腦波。研究結果：本研究以獨立樣本t檢定分析，結果發現，ADHD在注意力、空間工作記憶、計畫能力等認知功能表現顯著較一般發展兒童差(p < .05)。此外，ADHD亞型在測驗中有不同向度的缺損:ADHD-C在抑制功能表現較差也具較多情緒行為問題；ADHD-I主要在注意力問題及處理速度表現較差。然而，在腦波特徵上未觀察到兩組間顯著的差異。此外，在神經心理測驗方面與同齡兒童相比ADHD兒童表現較差，但與年紀較小的一般發展兒童相比則無顯著差異。結論：ADHD與一般發展兒童相比在認知功能的表現顯著較差；ADHD亞型在認知功能及情緒行為有不同向度的缺損。此外，在神經心理測驗的年齡層比較中也發現，ADHD的孩童在神經發展上比一般發展的孩童來得慢1-2年。 Background: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) stands as a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition in children, categorized into ADHD-I, ADHD-HI, and ADHD-C subtypes. This research aims to discern variations in neuropsychological evaluation and brainwave patterns between ADHD and typically developing children. It also probes potential distinctive attributes among ADHD subtypes and seeks to identify delayed neurodevelopment through neuropsychological assessment.Methods: Involving 87 children, the study included 45 with ADHD (33 ADHD-C, 12 ADHD-I, average age 8.82) and 42 typically developing peers (average age 9.46). Both groups underwent diverse assessments: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV), Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Scale for Assessing Emotional Disturbance (SAED), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PQL), Conners Continuous Performance Test 3rd Edition (CPT-3), Attention Network Test (ANT), Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), alongside measuring resting-state brain waves.Results: Utilizing independent samples t-tests, the research revealed notable underperformance of ADHD-afflicted children in attention, spatial working memory, and planning skills, contrasting with typically developing counterparts. Among different ADHD subtypes, ADHD-C exhibited inhibitory function deficits and emotional/behavioral challenges, while ADHD-I primarily faced attention and processing speed issues. However, no distinct differences in brainwave characteristics emerged between the groups. While children with ADHD demonstrated inferior neuropsychological test outcomes when compared to their age peers, no significant variations emerged compared to younger typically developing children.Conclusions: Children with ADHD displayed markedly inferior cognitive performance compared to their typically developing counterparts. Distinct ADHD subtypes showcased deficits in cognitive functions and emotional behaviors across specific dimensions. Additionally, comparative analysis of age-related neuropsychological test outcomes unveiled an approximate 1-2 year neurodevelopmental delay in children with ADHD compared to typically developing peers.
Appears in Collections:	[心理學系] 博碩士論文

Files in This Item:

File	Description	Size	Format
index.html		0Kb	HTML	14	View/Open

Loading...