國軍在實施「募兵制」後，義務役士兵之兵役制度由服役為期 1 年轉型為 4 個月軍事訓練役，訓練採施予5週之第一階段新兵入伍訓練及11週之第二階段專長訓練，並於役畢納入後備軍人列管。召訓部隊能否選充到符合動員所需之後備軍人，以及其專長是否影響部隊遂行作戰任務能力之重要性，甚或是否可構建堅強戰力之後備部隊，是當前探討的重要議題。本專題透過文獻探討及目前「軍事訓練役」實施方式、各國動員制度比較與後備部隊教召訓練現行作法，分析其關聯性，並與相關業務執行單位實施深度訪談，結果發現施行「軍事訓練役」後，因常、後備部隊編裝差異，致專長選充時許多仍由充代方式實施，對後備部隊整體戰力具相當影響，故針對專長獲得研究現行教召訓練政策等面向探討研究並提出建議，以為後備戰力維持訓練作法之參考。 After the National Army implemented the "recruitment system", the military service system of compulsory soldiers was transformed from a one-year service to a four-month military training service. Trained and included in the reserve army at the end of the service. Whether the call-up troops can be recruited to meet the mobilization reserve reserve personnel, and whether their expertise affects the ability of the unit to perform combat missions, or whether it can build a strong reserve reserve force, are the important issues currently being discussed. This topic explores through literature and current implementation methods of "military training service", comparison of mobilization systems of various countries and the current practice of reserve force training, analyzes its relevance, and conducts in-depth interviews with relevant business execution units. Later, due to the differences between the regular and reserve forces, many of the expertise selections were still implemented by substitution methods, which has a considerable impact on the overall combat capabilities of the reserve forces. It is recommended that it be used as a reference for maintaining the training capacity of the reserve force.
