| Abstract: | 摘要白內障是目前眼科疾病中造成失明的主要原因之一，主要是因水晶體蛋白變性，水晶體變得混濁，使光線通透性受阻，引發視覺障礙。根據水晶體混濁的程度不同，對於視力的影響很大。早期症狀包括有視力逐漸模糊、對光敏感、複視、需經常更換眼鏡、夜間視力變差，以至看到的事物會褪色或變黃等，可能會改變屈光度，使眼睛變成?近視?，導致遠的看不見近的卻看得很清楚，老花眼現象因此改善，稱為“第二視力”；到了晚期，視力障礙漸深，最後只能在眼前辨別手動或僅剩下光感視力，嚴重者可能導致失明。 人在四十、五十歲以後，水晶體開始慢慢變得硬化，白內障的發病比率也會增加，雖然老化是造成老年性白內障的主要成因，但還是有很多因素會造成白內障，如因車禍、鈍器傷害、尖銳物品的刺傷等外傷所引起外傷性白內障；因糖尿病等引起之代謝性白內障；因虹彩炎、青光眼、網膜色素病變等引起的續發性白內障；因長期使用類固醇所引起之藥物性白內障；或由於遺傳性、染色體變異、胎內感染等所引起的先天性白內障。另外，日常生活中的紫外線、環境污染等也會造成水晶體內部的氧化壓力，導致眼睛的抗氧化力變弱，進而增加了白內障的風險。 白內障發病機制主要是水晶體中超氧化物歧化?(superoxidedismutase, SOD)、谷胱甘?過氧化物?(glutathioneperoxidase, GSH-PX)、過氧化氫?(catalase, CAT)等?活性的異常下降可致水晶體抗氧化能力降低，導致白內障形成。可以通過藥物來提高機體及水晶體的抗氧化能力應是防治白內障的一條可行的途徑。迄今，仍無有效方 法可以預防白內障的產生，而且白內障初期症狀不明顯，等到視力明顯受影響時才會有警訊。為此，我們以半乳糖誘發大鼠白內障為模型，觀察了複方葉黃素對大鼠半乳糖白內障的誘導評估對白內障的抑制作用和水晶體蛋白相關?活性的影響，為複方葉黃素抑制白內障提供實驗依據。本研究成果將可提供相關產品說明其可能產生活性作為配方設計之參考。
AbstractCataract is one of the main causes of blindness in ophthalmic diseases at present. It is mainly due to the denaturation of aquatic crystals, and the aquatic crystals become cloudy, which hinders the permeability of light and causes visual impairment. Depending on the degree of turbidity of the water crystals, it has a great influence on vision. Early symptoms include gradually blurred vision, sensitivity to light, double vision, frequent glasses replacement, poor night vision, and even the things that are seen will fade or turn yellow, etc., which may change the diopter and make the eyes become "myopia", resulting in Those who are far away but can’t see the nearer can see clearly. The presbyopia phenomenon is improved, which is called “second vision”. In the later stage, the visual impairment becomes deeper. Finally, only manual or only light-sensitive vision can be distinguished in front of the eyes. In severe cases May cause blindness.After the age of 40 or 50, the crystals begin to harden and the incidence of cataracts will increase. Although aging is the main cause of senile cataracts, there are still many factors that can cause cataracts, such as car accidents, Traumatic cataract caused by blunt device injuries, puncture wounds of sharp objects, etc.; metabolic cataract caused by diabetes, etc.; secondary cataract caused by iriditis, glaucoma, omentum pigment lesions, etc.; medicinal properties caused by long-term use of steroids Cataract; or congenital cataract due to heredity, chromosomal variation, intra-fetal infection, etc. In addition, ultraviolet rays and environmental pollution in daily life can also cause oxidative stress inside the water crystals, resulting in weakening of the eye's antioxidant power, which in turn increases the risk of cataracts.The pathogenesis of cataract is mainly caused by the abnormal decrease of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), catalase (CAT) and other enzyme activities in the crystal. The anti-oxidation ability of water crystals is reduced, leading to the formation of cataracts. It can be a feasible way to prevent and treat cataract by using drugs to improve the antioxidant capacity of the body and crystals. So far, there is no effective way to prevent the occurrence of cataract, and the initial symptoms of cataract are not obvious, and there will be no warning until the vision is obviously affected. We chose galactose-induced cataracts in rats as model, observed the effect of lutein on galactose-induced cataract in rats, and evaluated the effects of cataract inhibition and aquaporin-related enzyme activity to provide experiments for lutein to inhibit cataracts. The results of this research will provide relevant product descriptions of its possible activity as a reference for formula design. |
