通用設計原則應用於中國大陸地區維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品包裝之研究

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Title:	通用設計原則應用於中國大陸地區維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品包裝之研究 The Application of Universal Design Principles on the Package of Vitamins and Calcium OTC Supplements in Mainland China
Authors:	丁一凡 DING, YI-FAN
Contributors:	視覺傳達設計學系
Keywords:	用藥資訊;藥品包裝設計;通用設計;策略驗證 Medicine Use Information;Medicine Packaging Design;Universal Design;Strategy Verification
Date:	2021-06-17
Issue Date:	2022-11-28 08:11:12 (UTC+0)
Publisher:	亞洲大學
Abstract:	本研究主要研究目的為以通用設計觀點來探討目前中國大陸維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品包裝設計所存在的問題點，並整理出有關維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品包裝用藥資訊標示的重要程度合理分級的標準，作為維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品包裝設計的參考。將符合中國大陸需求的維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品外包裝設計方向，通過外包裝改良設計和測試驗證，理論與實踐相結合進行驗證，得出符合通用設計原則下較佳的設計結果。提供中國大陸藥廠、設計界，以及視覺傳達設計教學上的參考。研究分四個階段進行。第一階段為「文獻資料與研究樣本蒐集」。瞭解通用設計國內外相關文獻，藥品包裝標示相關法律規範之研究與中國大陸維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品外包裝設計現況分析。第二階段為「藥品包裝訊息重要程度與現有問題點分析」。依照通用設計原則，分析樣本包裝。採用「問卷調查法」，將「適應症」、「注意事項」、「用法用量」、「製造日期與保存日期」和「不良反應與禁忌」五個用藥資訊做為研究者問卷項目中的重要題目，來調查大陸民眾。將上述結果進行歸納分析後，統整高齡者與非高齡者的意見，獲得藥品包裝設計的初步設計方向。第三階段為「提出改進策略，進行改良設計」。根據專家訪談深入分析後，從樣本中挑選出兩款最不符合「通用設計」原則的外包裝（維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品外包裝各一款），從圖形、色彩、文字、編排四種設計要素切入，進行維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品外包裝的改良設計。第四階段為「實驗驗證」。對設計成果進行驗證，探討是否達成通用設計的目標，以獲得通用設計應用於維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品外包裝上的具體結論。本研究認為維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品外包裝視覺設計上可重塑的為圖形、色彩、文字和編排四項設計要素。研究結果如下:1.圖形的設計：在維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品外包裝設計上，可將自然界來源物用具象圖形進行表現，在圖形設計傳達上體現綠色、健康、原生態、積極的設計語言。也可將藥品「適應症」所能達到的效果或某種健康狀態用具象圖形進行表現，圖形設計傳達上體現健康、積極的設計語言。2.色彩的使用：在維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品外包裝設計中，高齡者應選用穩重的色調，明度與純度應偏高，且不要有過多色彩運用在包裝設計中。若背景色彩需搭配插畫進行使用，背景色與插畫色彩應合理搭配，避免過於突兀。維生素類OTC藥品外包裝可選用穩重，明度與純度偏高的黃色。補鈣類OTC藥品外包裝可選用穩重，明度與純度偏高的紅色。3.文字易讀性：在維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品外包裝設計中，文字字級在確保美觀的情況下應盡可能放大，標題與正文內容作出區別，標題字體可加框加粗表示。用藥資訊字體使用黑體，字級大小為8-12pt；加大字間行距，1-1.5倍較為合適。並注重文字與背景的色彩關係，在暖色系中避免大面積使用反白字體，圖底與文字色彩搭配組合推薦白底黑字、黃底黑字和紅底黑字。若文字內容較多，可分段落進行處理放置，不應與圖形設計要素重疊。4.重要用藥資訊的編排：在維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品外包裝設計上，用藥資訊需經過訊息重要程度的整理後，才能應用於編排設計。跟據本研究研究結果顯示，維生素類與補鈣類OTC藥品用藥資訊重要程度可分為三個排序層級，第一層為「用法用量」、「不良反應與禁忌」、「製造日期與保存日期」，第二層為「注意事項」，第三層為「適應症」。重要程度高的用藥資訊，設計者在編排時可放在外包裝正面或側面，再配合適當的圖形、暖色系的色彩作為提示。 AbstractThe main purpose of this study is to investigate the existing problems on the design of packaging of vitamin and calcium OTC supplements in mainland China based on the viewpoint of universal design, and to justify a reasonable criteria for the importance of the labeling of drug information on the packaging of vitamin and calcium OTC supplements, which could be applied as a reference for the packaging design of vitamin and calcium OTC supplements. The design direction of the packaging of vitamin and calcium OTC supplements that meet the needs of mainland China will be verified by combining theory and practice through improved packaging design and testing, so as to arrive at a better design result in accordance with the universal design principles. Providing a reference for Chinese pharmaceutical factories, design academia and future teaching material of visual communication design program.The study was conducted in four stages. The first stage was "literature and research sample collection", which was to read the relevant domestic and foreign literature on universal design, and research on laws and regulations of pharmaceutical packaging and labeling and analysis of the current status of packaging design for vitamin and calcium OTC supplements in mainland China. In the second stage, through the analysis of the importance of pharmaceutical packaging information and the existing problems. The sample packaging was evaluated in accordance with universal design principles. A specific questionnaire of the study was designed to investigate the population of mainland China. The survey includes five important questions about medicine information: "Indications", "Precautions", "Dosage", "Date of manufacture and storage", and "Adverse reactions and contraindications". After summarizing and analyzing the results from above questions, the opinions of senior citizens and non-senior citizens were integrated to obtain preliminary design directions for pharmaceutical packaging design. The third stage is to propose improvement strategies and carry out improved design. Based on the in-depth analysis of the expert interviews, two final designs (one each for vitamin and calcium OTC supplements) were selected from the samples that were least consistent with the "universal design" principle. The fourth stage is "experimental verification". The fourth stage is "experimental validation", in which the design results are verified to see if the goal of universal design is achieved, and to obtain specific conclusions on the application of universal design to the packaging of vitamin and calcium OTC supplements. This study identified four design elements that can be reshaped in the visual design of the packaging of vitamin and calcium OTC supplements: graphics, colour, text and typography. The results of the study are as followed:1.Graphic design: In the external packaging design of vitamin and calcium OTC supplements, the natural sources can be represented by figurative graphics to reflect the green, healthy, ecological and positive design language in the graphic design communication. It is also possible to express the effects of drug "indications" or a certain health state with figurative graphics so that the graphic design conveys a healthy and positive design language.2.The application of colour: In the packaging design of vitamin and calcium OTC supplements, the products that targets senior citizens should choose a stable colour tone, with high brightness and purity, and not too many colours in the packaging design. If the background colour is used in conjunction with an illustration, the background colour should be reasonably matched with the colour of the illustration to avoid being too abrupt. The packaging of vitamin OTC drugs should be a stable yellow colour with high brightness and purity. For calcium supplements, a stable red colour with a high degree of brightness and purity should be used.3.Text legibility: In the design of the external packaging of vitamin and calcium OTC supplements, the text level should be enlarged as much as possible to ensure aesthetic appearance. The font size of the drug information should be 8-12pt in black, and the line spacing between words was recommended to be increased to 1-1.5 times. The design should also focusing on the colour relationship between text and background, avoid using anti-white fonts in a large area in warm colours. The combination of black characters on a white background, black characters on a yellow background and black characters on a red background was recommended. If the text content is large, it can be divided into paragraphs and should not overlap with the graphic design elements.4.Arrangement of important medication information: In the packaging design of vitamin and calcium OTC supplements, the medication information should be organized according to the importance of the information before it can be used in the layout design. According to the results of this study, the importance of information on vitamin and calcium OTC supplements can be divided into three levels: the first level is "dosage", "adverse reactions and contraindications", and "manufacture and storage dates", the second level is "precautions", and the third level is "indications". For highly important medication information, designers can place it on the front or side of the package with appropriate graphics and warm colours as a reminder.
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