| Abstract: | 對於非營利組織來說，志工的流動率除了會影響組織績效與服務品質外，對於組織的人事成本也是一種負擔。如何降低志工流動率已是各領域的志願服團體所注重的議題。因此，透過了解志願服務團體領導者採用何種領導風格會對志工組織承諾具有影響性，以有效降低志工離隊意向，是志願服務團體所需要重視且有必要進行探討的。研究目的：探討志願服務團體領導者的領導風格、志工組織承諾與志工離隊意向之關係，以做為未來志願服務團體領導風格之參考。研究方法：採用問卷調查法，以臺中市社會福利類之志工為研究對象，收集到388份有效問卷。研究結果：志工組織承諾於領導者的領導風格和志工離隊意向間具有完全中介效果；宗教信仰對持續性組織承諾呈現正向影響，對離隊意向具有負向影響。權威型領導風格對志工情感性承諾和持續性承諾具有負向影響；願景型、仁慈型、德行型領導風格對志工的情感性承諾具有正向影響；仁慈型、德行型領導風格對志工持續性承諾和道德性承諾具有正向影響；組織承諾、願景型、德行型領導風格對志工離隊意向具有負向影響。研究建議：相較於採取權威型的領導風格，採用民主型、願景型、激勵型、仁慈型與德行型的領導風格更適用於志願服務團體，且志願服務團體領導者需適時給予志工激勵，並與志工維持良好的互動關係，以提升志工組織承諾或以宗教為中心概念，成立屬於宗教型的志願服務團體，降低志工的離隊意向。
For non-profit organizations, the turnover of volunteers not only affects the organization's performance and service quality, but also a burden on the organization's personnel costs. How to reduce the turnover, it has been an important topic and a challenge in voluntary groups in various fields. Therefore, understanding the leadership style adopted by the leaders will have an impact on the organizational commitment, so as to effectively reduce the intention of volunteers to leave the team. This is an important issue that the voluntary service groups need to focus on and further discuss. Research purposes: Explore the relationship between the leadership style of the leaders, the organization commitment and intention of turnover, as a reference for the leadership style of voluntary service in the future. Research method: The research adopted questionnaire investigation to collect 388 valid questionnaires based on volunteers of social welfare category in Taichung. Research results: Organizational Commitment of Volunteers have a completed mediation effect between the leader’s leadership style and the intention of volunteer turnover. Religious beliefs have a positive impact continuous commitment and a negative impact on Intention to leave the team. Authoritative leadership style has a negative impact on the affective commitment and continuous commitment of volunteers. Visionary leadership style, benevolent leadership style, and moral leadership style have a positive impact on the affective commitment of volunteers. Benevolent leadership style and moral leadership style have a positive impact on continuous commitment and normative commitment of volunteers. Organizational commitment, visionary leadership style, and moral leadership styles have a negative impact on volunteer’s turnover. Suggestions: Compared with adopting an authoritative leadership style, adopting democratic leadership style, visionary leadership style, motivational leadership style, benevolent leadership style and moral leadership style are more suitable for voluntary service groups, and leaders need to provide volunteers with incentives in a timely manner and maintain a good interactive relationship, to enhance the organizational commitment or to take religion as the central concept, establish a religious-type voluntary service groups, and reduce the intention of volunteers to leave the team. |
