| Abstract: | 本研究旨在探討身心障礙者如何看待其職涯發展歷程，並從生態系統各層面找出影響身心障礙者職涯韌性與韌力之相關因素。透過便利和滾雪球取樣邀請三名身心障礙者，以半結構式訪談大綱進行2至3次的個別深度訪談，為理解受訪者職涯發展歷程相關經驗的意義與詮釋，採用敘事研究之「整體—內容」與「類別—內容」分析法進行探究。本研究發現如下：1.個人層面：若具有明確的職涯目標與信念、自我覺察與省思能力、正向且積極的特質、情緒調適能力與問題解決能力，有助於韌性與韌力展現。2.微觀系統：重要他人與職場環境若能提供友善、關懷與支持，能緩解職涯逆境對身心障礙者的衝擊，提升韌性與韌力。3.居間系統：家人與工作、家人與鄰里、主管與同事間三種互動，皆會影響身心障礙者的身心狀態，間接影響其韌性與韌力。4.外部系統：無障礙環境完善度、勞動市場接納度與政府政策落實度，皆會左右身心障礙者的就業率及其信心與動力，進而影響韌性與韌力。5.鉅視系統：社會大眾的刻板印象、偏見與歧視，會影響身心障礙者的自信與自我認同，進而影響其韌性與韌力。 根據本研究發現，提供身心障礙者個人及其系統與助人工作者相關職涯建議，及未來研究方向。
This study aimed to explore how Individuals with disabilities viewed their career development process, and identified factors that affected their career resilience under the framework of ecological system. Three persons with muscular dystrophy were invited as research participants through purposive and snowball sampling methods, each received two to three individual in-depth interviews. Narrative research methods, particularly holistic-content and categorical-content analysis approaches, were adopted to achieve a better understanding and interpretation of their unique experiences related to career development. Research findings were stated as follows:1.The level of an individual: Having definite career goals and beliefs, self-awareness and reflective ability, positive and proactive characteristics, as well as emotion regulation and problem-solving skills might facilitate the demonstration of resilience.2.Microsystems: Kindness, care and support provided by one’s significant others (including families, partners, and friends) and friendly colleagues, supervisors and workplace might alleviate the impact of career adversities on individuals with disabilities, thereby enhancing their resilience.3.Mesosystems: Three types of interactions, which included those between family members and work, those between family members and neighbors, and those between supervisors and colleagues, would directly affect the physical and mental state of people with disabilities, and indirectly influence their resilience.4.Exosystems: Degree of the barrier-free environment, the acceptance of the labor market and the extent of government policies implementation all played a crucial role on the employment rate, confidence and motivation of people with disabilities, thereby affecting their resilience.5.Macrosystems: Attitudes including stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination held by the general public would affect the self-confidence and self-identity of those with disabilities, and further generate impact on their resilience. Based on research findings, this study provides suggestions relevant to career development for individuals with disabilities, employer, the helping professionals, as well as future research. |
