| Abstract: | 依據世界衛生組織國際癌症研究機構（IARC）統計數據表示2020年全球新發癌症1930萬例，死亡近1000萬例，統計結果發現大腸癌在男性和女性中皆為較常見的癌症之一，而男女因生活習慣、身體構造有所不同，為何發病率卻相近；而食道癌在男性和女性中，沒有明顯因性別差異引發癌症，但在統計上發現食道癌的患者患者大多數為男性(男女比高達16：1)；這兩種癌症若排除生活和飲食習慣，是否與性別有關之基因突變有關連性。 利用GEO(Gene Expression Omnibus)內食道癌與大腸癌和性別相關實驗數據，實驗分析因為有男性和女性及cancer和non-cancer分類，我們利用GEO2R分析，以女性為實驗組男性為對照組，在依cancer和non-cancer的樣本的作為區別，藉由DEG分析後去深入不同癌症與性別之關聯性。 實驗數據中篩選出相同具有差異兩倍以上基因共有11個包含:DDX3Y、EIF1AY、KDM5D、RPS4Y1、TSIX、TTTY15、TXLNGY、USP9Y、UTY、XIST、ZFY，最後在食道癌有EIF1AX、USP9X這兩個基因突變率與其他的基因相比有較高的突變率，而在大腸癌的部分有USP9X、DDX3X這兩個基因突變率，因為這幾個基因是男女皆有的基因，而且男性的突變率與女性相比有較高的突變率，所以可以看到食道癌和大腸癌與這兩個突變的基因有關聯。 臨床預後生存的部分DDX3X、EIF1AX、USP9X這三個基因有較多數據顯示有這三個性別相關基因的參與會降低食道癌的臨床預後生存，所以這三個基因和食道癌的臨床預後生存有很大的關聯性，可作為預測食道癌的預後指標 大腸癌的部分實驗數據太少所以臨床預後生存的部分我們將個別依大腸癌的樣本不與食道癌依同探討，發現了CDH4、GDAP1L1、PAX3、RBFOX1這四個基因參與會有良好的生存率，而NEGR1參與大腸癌會導致預後生存率下降，可作為預測大腸癌的預後指標
According to statistics from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization, 19.3 million new cancers and nearly 10 million deaths occurred worldwide in 2020. The statistics found that colorectal cancer is one of the more common cancers in both men and women. Men and women have different living habits and body structures, so why are the incidence rates similar? Among men and women, there is no obvious gender difference in esophageal cancer. However, it is statistically found that most patients with esophageal cancer are men (male and female). The ratio is as high as 16:1); if these two cancers exclude life and eating habits, are they related to gender-related gene mutations? Using GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) experimental data related to esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer and gender, the experimental analysis Because there are male and female and cancer and non-cancer classifications, we use GEO2R analysis, using females as the experimental group and males as the control group. Based on the difference between cancer and non-cancer samples, DEG analysis is used to in-depth the relationship between different cancers and gender. In the experimental data, a total of 11 genes with the same difference more than two times were screened: DDX3Y, EIF1AY, KDM5D, RPS4Y1, TSIX, TTTY15, TXLNGY, USP9Y, UTY, XIST, ZFY, and finally EIF1AX and USP9X in esophageal cancer. The mutation rate of this gene has a higher mutation rate than other genes. In colorectal cancer, there are two mutation rates of USP9X and DDX3X, because these genes are genes for both men and women, and mutations in men Compared with women, there is a higher mutation rate, so it can be seen that esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer are associated with these two mutated genes. Part of the clinical prognostic survival of the three genes DDX3X, EIF1AX, USP9X, there are more data showing that the participation of these three gender-related genes will reduce the clinical prognostic survival of esophageal cancer, so these three genes and the clinical prognostic survival of esophageal cancer have Great correlation, which can be used as a prognostic indicator for esophageal cancer. Part of the experimental data of colorectal cancer is too small, so the part of the clinical prognosis is that we will discuss the individual samples of colorectal cancer not in the same way as esophageal cancer. It has been found that the four genes of CDH4, GDAP1L1, PAX3, and RBFOX1 will have a good survival rate. , And the involvement of NEGR1 in colorectal cancer will lead to a decrease in the prognostic survival rate, which can be used as a prognostic indicator for predicting colorectal cancer. |
