| Abstract: | 長期血液透析病患主要照顧者的身心負擔如果導致其疲憊，可能嚴重影響照顧者之健康及病患的照顧品質。過去研究關注在患者及一般照顧者上，顯示良好的社會支持能有效改善其負荷，而鮮少探討照顧者社會支持與疲憊感之相關性。故本研究目的主要探討血液透析照顧者人口學特性、社會支持與疲憊的相關性。研究方法採橫斷式相關性研究，於中部某教學醫院血液透析室及內科病房立意取樣後，共113位長期血液透析患者之主要照顧親屬以結構式問卷收集資料，包含:基本資料表、台灣版簡明疲憊量表(BFI-T)及社會支持量表。所得研究資料使用IBM SPSS 22版統計軟體以描述性統計、獨立樣本T檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關進行分析。研究結果:總樣本平均年齡為 57 歲(SD = 13.2)，多為女性佔61.1%，且平均照顧經驗3年以上者居多(56.6%)。分析結果發現照顧者疲憊感在不同宗教信仰、職業、家庭經濟狀況、照顧經歷、有無親屬協助及慢性疾病呈顯著差異；而社會支持與疲憊呈負相關(F = -0.25, p < 0.01)。未來在臨床上建議健康照護團隊可加強關注社會經濟條件弱勢之長期血液透析患者照顧者，提供專業協助改善其社會支持與其個別需要，以減少照顧者的疲憊負荷。
The fatigue of the major caregivers of long-term hemodialysis patients caused by the physical and psychological burden may seriously impact their own health and the care quality of the patients. Previous studies focusing on patients and general caregivers have indicated the effectiveness of social support for their burden, but the relationship between social support and the fatigue of the caregivers of hemodialysis patients was rarely explored. This study aims to examine the relationship between the demographic characteristics, social support, and fatigue of the caregivers of long-term hemodialysis patients. Cross-sectional correlational research was conducted with purposive sampling in a hemodialysis room and medical wards in central Taiwan, before the data was collected from 113 caregivers of the long-term hemodialysis patients with a structured questionnaire which includes basic information, BFI-T, and Social Support (SSQ). The data was analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 22 for the descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficients.Results: The mean age of caregivers were 57 years (SD = 13.2), in which 61.1% were females, and the majority of the respondents (56.6%) average over three years of care experience. Scores regarding fatigue of caregivers were significantly related to variables such as religion, job, family finances, caring experience, family assistance and chronic diseases, and showed a significantly negative correlation with social support (F = -0.25, p < 0.01). Thence, health care teams are suggested to recognize the socio-economically disadvantaged groups of caregivers of the long-term hemodialysis patients, so as to provide professional help to enhance their social support and reduce the fatigue of the caregivers. |
