| Abstract: | 在台灣老年人使用手機上網的比率自2017年至2019年增加24.4%，而65歲以上者則僅有43.5%有使用網?的經驗，其中有34.2%的人開始接觸網路是經由智慧型手機，因此智慧型手機已成為老年人上網不可或缺的重要工具。儘管老年人對智慧型手機和網路的使用正在增加，但研究顯示相較於其他年齡層的族群，老年族群使用網路的可能性仍然較低。本研究以55歲(含)以上者為研究對象，運用延伸型整合性科技接受模式來探討不同控制變項對老年人使用智慧型手機之行為意圖的影響。 本研究以台中市5個社區照顧關懷據點的老年人為研究對象，共發出219份問卷，回收有效問卷156份。統計分析先以獨立樣本T檢定及單因子變異數分析探討影響老年人使用智慧型手機之行為意圖的相關因素，再使用SmartPLS軟體進行偏最小平方法檢測本研究架構之適配度，並進行研究假說的檢定。 本研究以男性較多(60.3%)，而女性占總人數39.7%，平均年齡為61.1歲。SmartPLS軟體偏最小平方法的結果發現，預期效果(β=0.515，p<0.01)、預期工作量(β=0.213，p<0.05)及社會影響力(β=0.136，p<0.05)皆顯著且正向的影響老年人使用智慧型手機的行為意圖。 預期效果為影響力最大的構面，代表老年人重視使用智慧型手機可以帶來便利性和實用性；而預期工作量為次之，當老年人使用智慧型手機操作感到愈簡單，則他們使用智慧型手機行為意圖會愈高；社會影響力亦為影響使用意圖之因素，老年人容易受到親人、朋友和社群媒體的影響而去接受新科技。期望本研究結果可以提供政府和手機、APP開發商瞭解影響老年人使用智慧型手機行為意圖之重要因素，希望能增加我國老年人對於使用智慧型手機和接受新科技的意願。
In Taiwan, the proportion of elderly people surfing the internet by smartphones increased by 24.4% from 2017 to 2019, while only 43.5% of them over 65 had experience in surfing the internet. Among the 43.5% of the elderly, 34.2% of them had begun to access the internet through smartphones. Therefore, smartphones have become an indispensable and important tool for elderly people to access the internet. The use of smartphones and the internet is increasing among elderly people, but studies have shown that elderly people are still less likely to use the internet than other age groups. This study investigated the effects of different control variables on the behavioral intentions of people over 55 to use smartphones through an extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology(UTAUT2) model. In this study, elderly people in the five community care stations of Taichung City were selected as the research subjects. A total of 219 questionnaires were issued, and 156 valid questionnaires were collected. In statistical analyses, independent samples t-tests and one-way ANOVA were first used to explore the factors influencing the behavioral intentions of elderly people to use smartphones. Afterwards, SmartPLS was used to conduct partial least squares to test the goodness of fit of the research architecture and research hypotheses. In this study, males account for the largest proportion(60.3%), while females account for 39.7% of the total enrolled subjects, with an average age of 61.1 years. According to the results of partial least squares by SmartPLS, the performance expectancy(β=0.515, p<0.01), effort expectancy(β=0.213, p<0.05), and social influence(β=0.136, p<0.05) had significantly positive effects on behavioral intentions of elderly people to use smartphones. The performance expectancy was the most influential aspect, indicating that old people attach importance to the convenience and practicality of smartphones. It was followed by effort expectancy, indicating that easy operation increased the behavioral intentions of elderly people to use smartphones. Social influence was also a factor affecting behavioral intentions because elderly people were easily affected by relatives, friends, and social media to accept new technologies. It is expected that the results of this study can help the government, smartphone companies, and APP developers to understand the important factors influencing the behavioral intentions of elderly people to use smartphones. The findings are expected to increase the willingness of elderly people in Taiwan to use smartphones and accept new technologies. |
