| Abstract: | 目前有多項研究發現，壓力知覺、逃避因應和逃避動機是網絡遊戲成癮發展的重要因素，但相關研究發現了一些不一致之處，表示變項間可能存在其他調節變項，以及變項之間是否存在路徑關係尚待探索，且尚未有量化研究討論逃避因應和逃避動機之間的異同。因此本研究目的在透過後設分析和後設分析取向之結構方程模式驗證上述變項間的路徑關係。於2021年12月使用PsycInfo, Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, ProQuest和Google Scholar等系統蒐集問卷調查研究，根據納入/排除標準，最終收錄48篇研究進行系統性文獻回顧，文章出版年月在2011年11月到2021年3月之間，使用CMA 3.0和AMOS 26.0進行分析。結果顯示壓力知覺與網路遊戲成癮之間，以及逃避因應/逃避動機與網路遊戲成癮之間相關性的效果量皆為顯著中度正相關；壓力知覺與網路遊戲成癮之間相關性的效果量，並未因年齡、性別、地區和使用量表之不同而有所差異；但逃避因應/逃避動機與網路遊戲成癮之間相關性的效果量，受到年齡、地區和使用量表所調節，而且在大學生和西方國家地區的相關性最強，使用動機量表時兩者間的相關性會顯著高於使用因應量表，不過，逃避因應/逃避動機與網路遊戲成癮間的相關性未因性別不同而有所差異。另外，逃避因應和逃避動機皆部分中介壓力知覺和網路遊戲成癮間的關係，逃避動機的中介效果較強。而在概念上，逃避因應著重在緩解負面情緒，逃避動機則主要為進入虛擬世界中更認同自己在虛擬世界中的身分。建議未來研究可嘗試不同納入/排除標準或調節變項的分組，以排除分組樣本數不均之可能干擾，亦可根據相關理論和文獻，增加可能影響壓力知覺和網路遊戲成癮間相關性的調節變項，或針對逃避因應中不同類型對網路遊戲成癮進行後設分析。此外，網路成癮有不同亞型，壓力知覺、逃避因應和逃避動機的角色是否不同亦值得探討。
Several studies have shown that stress perception, avoidance coping and escapism were important risk factors for Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). However, the related studies have found some inconsistencies, indicating that there may be other moderating factors, in addition, whether there is a path relationship between the variables yet to be explored; and there were no quantitative studies discussing the differences between avoidance coping and escapism. Therefore, the present study aimed to verify the relationship between the above variables through meta-analysis and MASEM. PsycInfo, Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, ProQuest, Google Scholar and other systems were used to collect questionnaire studies in December 2021. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, forty-eight studies were included to analyze. CMA 3.0 and AMOS 26.0 were used for analysis. The result showed that the correlations between the variables are significant; the age, region and use of scales moderate the link between avoidance coping/escapism and IGD; escapism plays a stronger mediation effect than avoidance coping between stress perception and IGD. Conceptually, avoidance coping focuses on alleviating negative emotions, while escapism is mainly to be more aware of one's own identity in the virtual world. It is suggested that future research can try different inclusion and exclusion criteria or regrouping of moderate variables to exclude the interference of uneven sample size, and can be based on relevant theories and literature to increase other moderators between stress perception and IGD, or meta-analyses for different types of avoidance coping in IGD, in addition, there are different subtypes of Internet Addiction, whether the roles of stress perception, avoidance coping, and escapism are different is worth exploring. |
