翻譯的轉換和翻譯策略： 哈里·阿夫林（HARRY AVELING）針對PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER的“ INEM” 的英語翻譯研究

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Title:	翻譯的轉換和翻譯策略：哈里·阿夫林（HARRY AVELING）針對PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER的“ INEM” 的英語翻譯研究 Translation Shifts and Translation Strategies: A Study of Harry Aveling’s English Translation of Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s “Inem”
Authors:	Ramadhani, Adinda Rizki RAMADHANI, ADINDA RIZKI
Contributors:	外國語文學系
Keywords:	文化術語;本土化;異化;文學翻譯;語言相對論;短篇小說;原文以及翻;譯策略 cultural terms;domestication;foreignization;literary translation;linguistic relativity;short story;source texts;translation strategies
Date:	2020
Issue Date:	2020-03-30 03:48:25 (UTC+0)
Publisher:	亞洲大學
Abstract:	勞倫斯·韋努蒂（Venuti, 1995）提出的“本土化”和“異化”問題與文學翻譯，特別是包含大量文化術語的源文本則有密切相關的。文化術語通常用於根據翻譯策略來強調翻譯的目標：協助目標讀者理解文本（本土化），或幫助保留源文中嵌入的某些特定術語（異化）。因此，本研究旨在探討翻譯策略，即哈利·艾夫林（Harry Aveling，1976）在其英語翻譯“ Inem （伊訥母）”中所採用的上述本土化和異化策略。“Inem”是印度尼西亞著名作家，普拉姆迪亞·阿南達·杜爾（Pramoedya Ananta Toer，1952）撰寫的短篇小說。首先通過檢查約翰·卡特福特（Catford，1965）提出的語言轉換理論來進行研究分析，該轉換指的是類別轉換和水平轉換，然後韋努蒂(（Venuti，1995）討論的文化項目的翻譯策略。彼得・紐馬克（ Newmark，1988）根據語言相對性的觀點，根據爪哇語的語境對其進行了分類。結果表明，在語言轉換中，阿夫林傾向於執行比類別轉換更多的類別轉換（例如結構、類別、單位和系統內轉換）。同時，如果從文化項目的變化來看，阿夫林被發現刪除了一些印尼單詞和短語，這些單詞和短語沒有它們的英語對等物。根據分析，可以說阿夫林采用了韋努蒂的本土化策略來翻譯短篇小說，以幫助英語讀者能更好地理解故事的含義。但是，當術語在英語中沒有等效項時，也可以使用異化。因此，這項研究與韋努蒂（1995）的觀點是一致的，即兩種翻譯策略都不是二進制的而是互補的。 The issues of “domestication” and “foreignization” as proposed by Venuti (1995) are closely related to literary translations, particularly of the source texts that contain plenty of cultural terms. The cultural terms are often used to highlight the translation strategies in accordance with the translation goals: either to help the target readers understand the text (domestication) or to help preserve some particular terms embedded in the source text (foreignization). This study, therefore, aims to explore the translation strategies, namely the above-mentioned domestication and foreignization as employed by Harry Aveling (1976) in his English translation of “Inem”, an Indonesian short story by Pramoedya Ananta Toer (1952). The analysis of this study is carried out first by examining the linguistic shifts as proposed by Catford (1965), which refer to category shifts and level shifts, and then the translation strategies as discussed by Venuti (1995) of cultural items that were again further categorized by Newmark (1988) in light of the Javanese context through the perspective of linguistic relativity. The results show that in linguistic shifts, Aveling tended to perform more of the category shifts (such as shifts of structures, classes, units, and intra-system) than of the level shifts. Meanwhile, if seen from the shifts of cultural items, Aveling was found to delete several Indonesian words and phrases that do not have their English equivalents. Based on the analysis, it can be argued that Aveling employed Venuti’s strategy of domestication in translating the short story in question to help the English readers better understand the meaning of the story. However, foreignization is also employed when the terms do not have equivalents in English. This study, therefore, agrees with Venuti (1995) in his claim that both strategies in translation are not binary but complementary instead.
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