藥球運動對高齡者之上肢握力與身體平衡的相關性探討

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Title:	藥球運動對高齡者之上肢握力與身體平衡的相關性探討 The Correlation of Medicine Ball Exercise on Upper Limb Grip and Body Balance in the Elderly
Authors:	蔡宗憲 TSAI, TSUNG-HSIEN
Contributors:	健康產業管理學系長期照護組碩士在職專班
Keywords:	平衡;高齡者;握力;藥球 Balance;Elderly;Grip;Medicine Ball
Date:	2019
Issue Date:	2019-10-29 02:27:00 (UTC+0)
Publisher:	亞洲大學
Abstract:	背景：高齡者肌力下降為造成失能主要原因之一，因肌力不足、平衡能力下降造成意外跌倒，導致骨折與影響生活功能，增加非預期性住院率與長期照護經濟成本。目的：探討藥球運動作為高齡者上肢阻力訓練之可行性及活動介入後增加肌肉力量及平衡能力之成效。方法：研究採前後測實驗型(pretest-posttest)研究設計，以立意選樣方式，對象為彰化縣某長期照護機構65歲以上長者，可獨立站立5分鐘以上，並排除雙上肢或某一上肢癱瘓失能、重度失智、無法聽從指令及高血壓(≧160/100mmHg)，共23名。訓練工具：藥球(Medicine Ball)，重量：30%前測握力為1RM(repetition maximum，一次反覆最大重量)。運動實驗介入前四週為對照期；運動實驗介入六週為實驗期。實驗期第1-2週以30% RM肌力執行8項動作並重複6次，第3-6週則重複12次，每週2次。藥球運動介入前、後分別進行握力測試、起身行走測試(Get-up and Go Test)、功能性前伸測試(Functional Reach Test)及柏格氏平衡量表測試(Berg Balance Scale)，以評估肌力與平衡能力。結果：以無母數Wilcoxon分析檢定結果，右手握力測試Z=-3.94、P<0.01，左手握力Z=-3.86、 P<0.01，起身行走測試Z=-3.28、 P<0.01，功能性前伸測試Z=-1.10、 P=0.01，伯格氏平衡量表之平衡能力實驗期Z=-1.34、P=0.18。結果顯示，藥球運動介入對高齡者雙手握力與平衡表現有相關性提升。結論：藥球運動介入可能增進高齡者上肢肌力與平衡表現，期望未來能將藥球運動模組推廣以增進高齡者健康促進達到延緩失能的目標。 Background: The decline in muscle strength in elderly people is one of the main causes of disability. Accidental fall due to lack of muscle strength and decreased balance. Lead to fractures and affect ADL function. Increase unintended hospitalization rates and long-term care for economic costs. Objective: To explore the feasibility of medicine ball exercise as an upper limb resistance training and effects of medicine ball exercise on muscle strength and body balance in the elderly. Method: Study the pretest-posttest research design and purpose sampling. The object is an elderly person aged 65 or older, the long-term care institution in Changhua County. Can stand alone for more than 5 min, and exclude double upper limbs or some upper limbs disability, severe dementia, inability to follow instructions, Hypertension (≧160/100mmHg). A total of 23 cases were received. Training tool: Medicine Ball, weight: 30% pre-measured grip strength is 1RM (repetition maximum, one time over maximum weight). The first four weeks of the intervention of the exercise experiment is the control period; The exercise experiment involved six weeks as the experimental period. During the first 1-2 weeks of the experiment, 8 actions were performed with 30% RM muscle strength and repeated 6 times, repeated 12 times in the 3rd-6th week, twice a week. The grip strength test, Get-up and Go Test, Functional Reach Test and Berg Balance Scale were performed to assess muscle strength and body balance before and after the ball movement. Results: The results of Wilcoxon analysis without parental number were used. The right hand grip test was Z=-3.94, P<0.01, the left hand grip strength was Z=-3.86, P<0.01, and the Time Up and Go test was Z=-3.28, P<0.01, the Functional Reach test Z=-1.10, P=0.01, the Berg's balance scale experimental period Z= -1.34, P=0.18. The balance-related performances of the two-hand grip, the Time Up and Go test and the Functional Reach test have significant progress differences. Conclusion: The Medicine Ball exercise increased the upper limb muscle strength and body balance performance in the elderly. In the future, Medicine Ball exercise might enhance the health promotion and delaying disability in the elderly.
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