| Abstract: | 研究背景：我國已正式邁入高齡社會，老年人的失能問題日益增加，他們的健康問題也逐漸受到重視。健康促進生活型態有助於維護健康、預防疾病、促進生產力及獨立自主的生活。目前對於我國老年人健康促進生活型態的理解皆為較早期的研究結果，但是，時代的變遷對於生活型態與健康風險行為都足以產生很大的改變。
研究目的：本研究目的為瞭解目前社區老人健康促進生活型態狀況與其影響因素。
研究方法：本研究屬橫斷式研究設計，研究對象為65歲以上社區老年人，以結構式問卷、面對面訪談收集資料。問卷內容包含人口學變項、自評健康、健康風險行為、慢性病數與健康促進生活型態量表II(HPLP-II)。共收集有效問卷165份，分析方法採用描述性統計、獨立樣本T-test、單因子變異數分析，並以複迴歸分析探討影響社區老人健康促進生活型態相關因素。
研究結果：本研究結果顯示研究對象平均年齡為76.92歲，以女性長者居多(73.3%)。社區長輩在健康促進生活型態量表，總分最高分為201分，最低分為66分，平均分數為145.96分(滿分208分)，標準差為27.93。各分量表得分由高到低依序為：適當營養、人際關係、健康責任、自我實現、壓力管理、運動行為。複迴歸分析結果顯示，教育程度越高者、健康越好者、沒有吸菸者、有參加社團者、有收入以及有參加志工團體者其健康促進生活型態執行程度越好，整體迴規模式解釋總體變異量為31.7%。
結論與建議：社區老人健康促進生活型態整體分數仍有待提升，尤其在運動行為和壓力管理面向。因此，本究建議增加健康促進課程，強化社區老人運動習慣與壓力管理技巧。
Research background: Taiwan officially becomes an aged society with people over 65 years old breaking the 14% mark. It is a menace for the appearance of a serious challenge related to the rise of diseases and a huge increase in care and treatment expenses. Health promotion lifestyle is recognized as the important factor can improve health, reduces the intensity of changes in body, and has potential effect in increasing the elderly quality of life.
Objectives: This current study aimed to examine the health promotion lifestyle and its effective factors of the community elderly.
Research methods: In this cross-sectional study, examined health promotion lifestyle and its effective factors of the community elderly in Taichung, by using a standard questionnaire included demographic variables, self-perceived health status, health risk behaviors, the numbers of chronic diseases and health promotion lifestyle type scale II (HPLP-II). The final sample included 165 elders who aged > 65 years. Data were analyzed using independent sample T-test, single factor analysis, and regression analysis to explore the factors affecting the health promotion lifestyle.
Research results: The results showed the mean age of the sample was 76.92 years and the majority of the participants were women (73.3%). The average score for health promotion lifestyle was 145.96 out of 208. Among community elders’ health promoting lifestyle type scale, the highest score item was nutrition, followed by interpersonal support, health responsibility, self-actualization, stress management, and exercise. The findings revealed that there was statistically a significant association between the score of health promotion lifestyle and the education, income, health status, tobacco smoke, participation in society's activities. A total of 31.7% variance was explained in overall regression model.
Conclusions and recommendations: The scores of health promotion lifestyle of elderly in community remains a need to be improved, especially in exercise and stress management. Therefore, providing health promotion programs for community elderly people to improve excises behaviors and stress management strategies were strongly recommend. |
