社區資源能力與社區服務需求之相關性研究

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Title:	社區資源能力與社區服務需求之相關性研究 A Research on the Correlation between Community Resource Capability and Community Service Demand
Authors:	黃世州 Huang, Shih-Chou
Contributors:	社會工作學系
Keywords:	社區;社區資源能力;社區服務需求 community;community resource;community service demand
Date:	2019
Issue Date:	2019-10-28 01:05:07 (UTC+0)
Publisher:	亞洲大學
Abstract:	自1965年行政院確立了社區發展為我國社會福利相關政策之一，我國從早期的社區活動中心之補助建立、並鼓勵成立社區發展協會後，迄今涵蓋率已達總人口90%以上(衛生福利部，2017)。而社區資源與能力常是進行社區發展的評估重點。本研究針對某市某區社區發展協會進行探討，瞭解社區資源能力與社區服務需求之關聯性。針對：一、探討社區發展協會受訪成員之基本特質、對社區發展協會之認識、社區發展協會參與經驗、社區資源及社區需求狀況。二、探討社區基本特質、對社區發展協會之認識、社區發展協會參與經驗、社區資源及社區需求狀況的關聯性。三、探討社區資源與社區需求之預測因子，並以此對社區實務工作提出建議。結果發現，受訪者志工投入意願越高，是代表著社區充權的過程，也代表著社區有能力並有效地改變其生活和環境。社區產業資源、社區文化歷史擁有越多者，其新住民與兒童服務需求越高。年齡越長，則其新住民與兒童服務需求分數越低。此一結果似乎呼應了Kramer (2005) 所提之社會交換理論，理論主要的義涵是認為人與人之間的社會互動，是一種理性的，會計算得失的資源交換。其次，社區文化歷史資源的本土化概念有待新住民及兒童的參與及了解。再者，資源能力越高，其社區整體的需求就越高，似乎再一次證明了賽伊法則(唐文慧、王宏仁，1995)，資源供給越多，其需求則越高。社區的產業、社區志工資源與社區文化歷史之資源對於整體社區需求有較高的刺激和影響力似乎也反映此一原則，需求與供給的發展原則，在某些程度上是供給越多，亦將開展了社區多元化的需求。 Since 1965, the Executive Yuan has established community development as one of China's social welfare-related policies. Since the establishment of the Community Development Center in the early years, and the establishment of the Community Development Association, the coverage rate has reached more than 90% of the total population (health welfare). Ministry, 2017). Community resources and capabilities are often the focus of assessments for community development. This study explores the community development associations in a certain district of a city to understand the relationship between community resource capabilities and community service needs. To address: First, explore the basic characteristics of the members of the Community Development Association, the understanding of community development associations, community development association participation experience, community resources, and community needs. Second, explore the basic characteristics of the community, the understanding of community development associations, the participation of community development associations, community resources, and community needs. Third, explore the predictive factors of community resources and community needs, and make recommendations for community practice. The results show that the higher the willingness of respondents to invest in volunteers, the better it representing the community's empowerment process, and the ability of the community to adequately and effectively changes its life and environment. The more the community industry resources and community culture history, the higher the demand for new residents and children's services. The older the members get, the lower the needs of new residents and children's service. This result seems to respond to the social exchange theory proposed by Kramer (2005). The central idea of the theory is a kind of rational social interaction affected by the motivation of interest exchange on gains and losses. Secondly, the concept of localization of community cultural and historical resources is subject to the participation and understanding of new residents and children. Moreover, the higher the resource capacity, the higher the overall demand of the community, and it seems to prove the Say's Law again (Tang Wenhui, Wang Hongren, 1995). The more resources are supplied, the higher the demand. The community's industry, community volunteering resources, and cultural-historical resources in the community have a high stimulation and influence on the overall community demand. It seems to reflect this principle as well. The development principle of demand and supply, in some cases, the more supply, the need for community diversity will also be developed.
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