生物炭對於目標作物之發芽生長與非目標作物之抑制

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Title:	生物炭對於目標作物之發芽生長與非目標作物之抑制 Biochar for the target crops germination and growth as well as inhibition of non-target crop
Authors:	楊明瑋 YANG, MING-WEI
Contributors:	生物科技學系
Keywords:	生物炭爐;生物炭;友善農法;土壤改良劑 biochar stoves;biochar;friendly farming;soil conditioner
Date:	2019
Issue Date:	2019-10-21 03:56:48 (UTC+0)
Publisher:	亞洲大學
Abstract:	生物炭(biochar)是在生態環境中能自然形成的物質，因其特殊的物理與化學特性而成為自然環境和農業生產者的新星。生物炭帶來的益處眾多，如可充當土壤改良劑、增強保水度、降酸以中和酸性土壤、提供益菌的居住及水產過濾用濾材等。因為市面上也充斥著各式各樣的生物炭爐，不過多數的生物炭爐單價較高不利農民普及，為了推廣普及在一般農民中，所以本研究利用自製的生物炭來進行相關試驗，方便一般農民也能自行生產以利普及與推廣，並貼近農民需求來探討生物炭對於植物的發芽與成長的優缺。本研究針對不同款生物炭爐進行挑選比較及改良，利用改良後生物炭爐所產出之生物炭進行接下來的試驗，首先發芽試驗做了以下幾種測試分別為生物炭不同比例對於裂葉白菜種子發芽時的影響以及生物炭作為成長時的雜草抑制層的測試。裂葉白菜的發芽試驗中可得知其生物炭建議用量為小於10%，大於10%時則會對植株發育產生影響。雜草抑制層應用於防治大花咸豐草前期部分數據不顯著但在後期均達顯著性差異。本研究希望能了解對於不同植物發芽時生物炭與培養土之最適比例、生物炭對於種子發芽優缺、生物炭作為雜草抑制層時對於雜草的抑制效果，從而找出農業廢棄物對於作物栽培的一種新使用方法。 Biochar is a naturally resulting substance in the environment And because of its particular physical and chemical properties Biochar is a new star of nature and of agricultural producers. There are numerous benefits of biochar, such as soil improvements, water retention improving, acid reduction, acid soils neutralizing, habitats for beneficial bacteria, and filtration media for water filtration. Even though the market is filled with a variety of biological charcoal, but most of them are expensive. It is negative for farmers to use the organic charcoal commonly. In order to promote the Biochar between farmers in general, so that we use new methods to produce in this study. With these Methods farmers can also produce Biochar convenient by themself In general. This research contributes to the production and distribution of this product. In this process farmers could also learn about the advantages and disadvantages of biochar in plants germination and growing. The study compare different models of conducting Biochar and selection of of biological coal. In the germination of cabbage, it is known that the recommended amount of biochar is less than 10% , and the usage of biochar more than 10% affects the development of the plant. The weed suppression layer was used to prevent and control P. sylvestris. The early stage data were not significant, but did reach significant differences at the later stage. This study helps to understand the optimal ratio of biochar to culture soil, when different plants are germinated. It also shows the effect of biochar on seed germination, and the inhibition effect of biochar as weed suppression layer on weeds, so as to find a new method of cultivation in usage of agricultural waste for crops.
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