| Abstract: | 百合屬的球根植物已廣泛應用於亞洲傳統醫學好幾世紀。 百合的所有結構都可應用於治療骨折、出血、肝臟疾病、胃腸道疾病和排毒等目的。百合鱗莖具有豐富而獨特的植物化學成分，包括:甾體糖苷、酚甙、黃酮苷、甾體配糖生物鹼和酚類，例如:沒食子酸、對香豆酸、芸香苷、兒茶素、蘆丁、槲皮素 、蕃蕷皂苷。甾體糖苷具有廣泛的生物活性，例如: 抗癌、抗糖尿病、抗真菌、抗高血壓、抗炎和抗病毒。本論文研究之目的是探討山丹百合鱗莖(L. pumilum，原產於中亞)和台灣百合鱗莖(L. formosanum，原產於台灣) 萃取物，其抗氧化、保肝和傷口癒合之作用。首先，本研究檢測百合鱗莖的冷熱水萃取物的抗氧化功效，包含: 總多酚含量(TPC)、總黃酮含量(TFC)、DPPH自由基清除活性、鐵還原抗氧化能力和亞鐵離子螯合活性之測定。其次，使用MTT測定法分析所有樣品對正常肝細胞(BNL CL.2)的保肝作用。此外，利用纖維母細胞(NIH/3T3)篩選細胞活力以評估可能的抗纖維化作用。最後，研究百合鱗莖的冷熱水萃取物對肝臟細胞和纖維母細胞傷口癒合效果。所有百合鱗莖萃取物均呈現適度的抗氧化活性，並隨著萃取物濃度的增加顯示出依賴性。台灣百合鱗莖冷水萃取物在10mg/g時的DPPH清除率最高，為64%; 10mg/ml的台灣百合鱗莖熱水萃取物具有97%的最佳亞鐵離子螯合活性，並且在700nm具有0.74光吸收率的鐵還原抗氧化能力測試中也是最佳的。 在台灣百合鱗莖冷水萃取物中檢測到最高TPC和TFC，TPC為23 GAE mg/g dw，TFC為13.9 QE mg/g dw。 在正常肝細胞(BNL CL.2)的細胞活力實驗中，所有樣品均顯示細胞增殖能力隨著濃度增加和持續時間的顯著增加。 在山丹百合鱗莖冷水萃取物中檢測到最佳結果，24小時為191%，48小時為228%，未處理為100%。此外，山丹百合球莖冷水萃取物對乙醇誘導正常肝細胞(BNL CL.2) 的受損，顯示出一定的保護作用，其中未處理的細胞顯示36 %的細胞存活率。對NIH /3T3纖維母細胞的MTT測定結果顯示，山丹百合鱗莖冷水萃取物在24小時內抑制細胞活力為81%，而台灣百合鱗莖熱水提取物在48小時內呈現最佳結果(78%)。傷口癒合實驗結果顯示，所有百合樣品均能改善正常肝細胞(BNL CL.2)的細胞生長，並且在濃度為0.5mg/ml時檢測到傷口癒合過程。另一方面，NIH/3T3細胞沒有顯著變化。綜合上述研究結果，台灣百合鱗莖和山丹百合鱗莖水萃取物具有抗氧化作用及體外保肝作用。此外，纖維母細胞的細胞活力和細胞遷移試驗結果顯示，百合鱗莖水萃取物可能具有抗纖維化作用，未來可以更進一步的研究探討。
Lilium species, bulbous plants have been widely used in Asian traditional medicine for centuries. All parts of lilies were used for bone fracture, bleeding, liver diseases, gastrointestinal disorders and for detoxification purpose. The bulbs have rich and unique phytochemical contents including steroidal glycosides, phenolic glycosides, flavonoid glycosides, steroidal glycoalkaloids and phenolics such as gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, rutoside, catechin, rutin, quercetin, dioscin. Steroidal glycosides have a wide range of biological activities such as anti-cancer anti-diabetic, antifungal, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory and anti-viral. The purpose of this study was to investigate Asiatic group’s Lilium pumilum bulb, native to central Asia and trumpet group’s Lilium formosanum bulb, native to Taiwan island for antioxidant effects, hepatoprotective effects and wound healing process. First, the lily bulbs’ hot and cold water extracts were examined for antioxidant effects, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power and ferrous ion chelating activity assays were performed. Secondly, all samples were analyzed for hepatoprotective effects on normal liver cell BNL CL.2 using MTT assay. In addition, cell viability was screened on fibroblast cell NIH/3T3 for possible anti-fibrotic effect. Finally, wound healing effect test was examined on both liver and fibroblast cell lines. All extracts presented moderate antioxidant activities and the increase of extract concentrations showed improving efficiencies. L. formosanum cold water extract showed the highest DPPH scavenge values of 64% at 10mg/g; L. formosanum hot water extract at the 10mg/ml presented best Ferrous ion chelating activity with 97% and was best at Ferric reducing antioxidant power’s test with 0.74 absorbance at 700nm. Highest TPC and TFC were detected in L. formosanum cold water extract, TPC was 23 GAE mg/g dw and TFC was 13.9 QE mg/g dw. In cell viability experiment on BNL CL.2 cell line, all samples demonstrated great increase in cell proliferative capacity with concentration increase and with time duration. The best result was detected on L. pumilum cold water extract with 191% on 24 hours and 228% on 48 hours compared with non-treated 100%. Moreover, L. pumilum cold water extract showed some protective effect on ethanol induced damaged BNL CL.2 cells with 54% where non-treated cells showed 36% of cell viability. In MTT assay on NIH/3T3 cell line, L. pumilum cold water extract inhibited the cell viability with 81% on 24 hours and L. formosanum hot water extract presented best result with 78% on 48 hours. In addition, All lily samples improved cell growth of BNL CL.2 cells and at concentration 0.5mg/ml wound healing process was detected. On the other hand, noticeable increase in NIH/3T3 cell line were not noticed. All results suggests that L. formosanum and L. pumilum bulb water extracts have moderate anti-oxidant effects and In Vitro model of hepatoprotective effects showed positive effects. Adiitionally, cell viability and wound healing tests on fibroblast cell indicates for possible anti-fibrosis effect, which needs further detailed research. |
