五大性格、同儕影響力及智慧型手機使用正向預期對國中生智慧型手機成癮之影響路徑-七個月追蹤研究

ASIA unversity > 醫學暨健康學院 > 心理學系 > 博碩士論文 > Item 310904400/110889

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Title:	五大性格、同儕影響力及智慧型手機使用正向預期對國中生智慧型手機成癮之影響路徑-七個月追蹤研究
Authors:	陳仕潔;CHEN, SHIH-CHIEH
Contributors:	心理學系
Keywords:	智慧型手機成癮、五大性格、同儕影響力、正向預期
Date:	2017
Issue Date:	2018-05-31 01:57:35 (UTC+0)
Publisher:	亞洲大學
Abstract:	研究背景與目的 106年教育部中小學學生網路使用行為調查結果顯示，29.9％的國中生具智慧型手機沉迷傾向。過去調查指出，高神經質、低嚴謹性、低親和性與成癮有關；而Acquired Preparedness Model(APM)主張，性格可以透過正向認知預期中介成癮行為，因此本研究探討高神經質、低嚴謹性、低親和性三種性格是否可透過智慧型手機正向預期預測智慧型手機成癮。另外，過去橫斷式研究也發現，同儕影響力透過網路遊戲正向預期預測國中生網路遊戲成癮，是故，本研究擬採縱貫模式研究設計探討性格、同儕影響力是否透過智慧型手機使用正向預期影響智慧型手機成癮的歷程。研究假設在控制T1、T2智慧型手機成癮分數以及T1智慧型手機使用正向預期下，T1脆弱性格分數、T1同儕成癮力分數能透過T2智慧型手機使用正向預期中介影響T3智慧型手機成癮分數。研究方法本研究運用柯慧貞教授主持之計畫資料庫資料進行分析。研究設計：縱貫研究。研究工具：五因素性格量表簡版、智慧型手機成癮量表、智慧型手機使用正向預期量表、社會影響力量表進行測驗。研究流程：透過叢集抽樣抽出台中與台南各一所國中一、二年級707名學生。2014年9月進行第一次問卷(T1)，並於四個月後進行第二次問卷(T2)，之後三個月再進行第三次問卷(T3)。統計分析：透過獨立樣本t檢定及卡方檢定比較追蹤組及未追蹤組在人口學變項的差異，並使用SmartPLS分析模式路徑及中介的效果。本研究顯著水準α = 0.05。研究結果結果顯示，在T1的橫斷研究中，T1脆弱性格、T1同儕影響力皆透過智慧型手機使用正向預期中介預測T1智慧型手機成癮；在縱貫研究中，控制T1、T2智慧型手機成癮及T1智慧型手機使用正向預期後，T2智慧型手機使用正向預期可以預測T3智慧型手機成癮，T1同儕影響力僅可以直接預測T2智慧型手機使用正向預期，無法透過T2智慧型手機使用正向預期的中介預測T3智慧型手機成癮，而T1脆弱性格僅可以直接預測T3智慧型手機成癮，無法透過T2智慧型手機使用正向預期影響T3智慧型手機成癮。結論本研究發現，橫斷結果顯示脆弱性格與同儕影響力皆透過智慧型手機使用正向預期的中介與智慧型手機成癮有關聯；但縱貫結果發現，T1脆弱性格可以直接預測T3智慧型手機成癮，T1同儕影響力可以預測T2智慧型手機使用正向預期，但無法再透過T2智慧型手機使用正向預期預測T3智慧型手機成癮。 Background The prevalence rate of high risk students for Smartphone addiction among adolescents were found to be 29.9% in Taiwan. Previous studies have shown the neuroticism, agreeableness and conscientiousness were vulnerable factor for internet addiction. The Acquired Preparedness Model (APM) suggests that cognitive outcome expectancy plays the mediate role in the relationship of personality to substance use. Moreover, further cross-sectional study found internet gaming use positive outcome expectancy mediated the relationship between peer influence and internet gaming addiction. The pathway of personality, peer influence and positive outcome expectancy of Smartphone use on Smartphone addiction remains unknown. Thus, this longitudinal study was designed to construct the pathway model linking personality, peer influence and positive outcome expectancy of Smartphone use to Smartphone addiction. Methods Data was collected by a three-wave longitudinal study design among 707 adolescents recruited from middle and southern Taiwan junior high school by cluster sampling. Assessments included the Smartphone Addiction scale, Peer Influence for Smartphone Addiction, Smartphone Use Positive Outcome Expectancy scale, and the shortened Chinese version of FFI (SC-FFI). Data analysis was performed by using SPSS version 22.0, and the model and mediation effects were tested by using SmartPLS. Results The cross-sectional results indicated that the T1 Smartphone use positive outcome expectancy mediated the relationship between T1 vulnerable personality and T1 Smartphone addiction, and mediate the link between peer influence and T1 Smartphone addiction. However, in longitudinal study, when the T1 Smartphone use positive outcome expectancy and T1, T2 Smartphone addiction were controlled, T1 peer influence and T1 vulnerable personality could not predict T3 Smartphone addiction through the mediating effect of T2 Smartphone use positive outcome expectancy. The T1 vulnerable personality showed the direct effect on T3 Smartphone addiction. The T1 peer influence could predict T2 Smartphone use positive outcome expectancy. The T2 Smartphone use positive outcome expectancy could predict T3 Smartphone addiction. Discussion The present study contributed new longitudinal evidence on the effect model of the personality, peer influence and positive outcome expectancy on Smartphone addiction. The results did not support the mediating role of Smartphone use positive outcome expectancy in the effect of personality or peer influence on Smartphone addiction. Keywords : Five-Factor Model, Peer influence, Smartphone use outcome expectancy, Smartphone addiction, Adolescent
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